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Line drawing M. Szent Ivany, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4 (1981) 246, fig. 108, as S. dallachii.

Sketch of fruits by D. E. Symon, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4 (1981), fig. 156B, as S. dallachii.

Distribution map generated from Australia's Virtual Herbarium.

Synonymy

Solanum magnifolium F.Muell., Fragm. 6: 27 (1867)

S. stelligerum var. magnifolium (F.Muell.)Benth., Fl. Austral. 4: 451 (1868).

T: Qld, Murray R. (N of Cardwell), Aug 1867, J.Dallachy s.n.; holo: MEL 11658.

Solanum dallachii  Benth., Fl. Austral. 4: 456 (1868) 

T: Rockingham Bay, Qld, J. Dallachy s.n.; lecto: K; iso: G, MEL, fide D.E. Symon, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4: 245 (1981). 

[S. repandum auct. non G. Forster; F. Mueller, Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. 6: 145 (1868)].

Solanum stelligerum auct.non R.Br.: Symon, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4: 128 (1981), p.p.

Description

Shrub to 4 m, green, pubescent with stellate hairs, the hairs sparse on upper surface of adult leaves, more dense on lower surface, loose and tufted on young growth; prickles to 6 mm long, common on juvenile growth, rare or absent on mature growth.  

Leaves slightly discolorous. Juvenile leaves broadly elliptic; lamina 7-17 cm long, 3.5-8 cm wide, sometimes larger, shallowly lobed; petiole to 5 cm long. Mature leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic; lamina mostly 6-12 cm long, 4-5.5 cm wide, entire; petiole 15-20 mm long.

Inflorescence up to 16-flowered; peduncle to 15 mm long; rachis 2-5 cm long; pedicels 10-15 mm long, longer in fruit. Calyx 5-7 mm long; lobes broadly lanceolate, 3-4 mm long. Corolla stellate, deeply incised, 25-30 mm diam., heliotrope with pale centre. Anthers 4.5-6 mm long.  

Berry broadly ovoid, 15-25 mm diam., reported yellow; fruiting pedicel to 30 mm long, thickened towards apex. Seeds 2.5 mm long, colour not known. n=24.

Description, as S. dallachii, from Flora of Australia 29: 157 (1982).

Erect, rhizomatous perennial shrub, 1.5–4 m high. Juvenile branchlets with 30–50 prickles per dm, 4–5 mm long; leaves (in outline) ovate, shallowly-lobed, with 4 or 5 pairs of lobes; lamina 9.5–11.5 cm long, 4.3–5.5 cm wide, with 20–40 prickles on upper surface. Adult branchlets yellow, rusty or brown; prickles absent or present, 0–25 per decimetre, straight, acicular or broad-based, 1.5–5.5 mm long, 7–10 times longer than wide; stellae dense, 0.2–0.3 mm diameter, sessile; lateral rays 7 or  8, porrect; central ray 3–6 times as long as  laterals, not gland-tipped; finger hairs absent;  Type 2 hairs absent.

Adult leaves elliptical or ovate, entire or shallowly lobed throughout; lobes 4–6 on each side, obtuse, lobing index 1–1.1; lamina 9–18 cm long, 4–8 cm wide, 2.2–2.7 times longer than broad, apex acute or acuminate, base cuneate, oblique part 0–4.5 mm long, obliqueness index 0–3 percent; petioles 1–3.5 cm long, 8–19% length of lamina, prickles absent. Upper leaf surface green; prickles 0–10, straight, acicular, 1–4 mm long, prickles absent or present on mid-vein only or present on midvein and lateral veins; stellate hairs confined to midrib, or distributed throughout; proto-stellae absent; ordinary stellae very sparse to sparse, 0.25–1 mm apart, 0.2–0.3 mm across, sessile; lateral rays 6–8,  porrect; central ray 4–8 times as long as laterals,  not gland-tipped; finger hairs absent; Type 2  hairs absent. Lower leaf surface yellowish; prickles absent; stellae moderate to very dense, 0.05–0.3 mm apart, 0.25–0.4 mm diameter, sessile; lateral rays 7 or 8, porrect; central ray 1.5–3 times as long as laterals, not gland-tipped; finger hairs absent; Type 2 hairs absent. 

Inflorescence supra-axillary, pseudo-racemose, common peduncle 2–8 mm long, rachis prickles absent; 6–18-flowered, weakly andromonoecious, flowers 5-merous; pedicels 4–10 mm long at anthesis, same thickness throughout, 0.4–0.7 mm thick at mid-point, prickles absent. Calyx tube 1.5–2.5 mm long, lobes deltate, 3–4 mm long; prickles absent at anthesis; stellae very dense, yellow or brown or rusty, 0.25–0.35 mm across, sessile, lateral rays 7 or 8, central ray 3–6 times as long as laterals, not gland-tipped; finger hairs absent; Type 2 hairs absent. Corolla mauve or purple, 6–11 mm long, deeply lobed, inner surface sparsely stellate-hairy; anthers 3.5–4.5 mm long; ovary with stellate hairs only; functional style c. 6 mm long, erect, with stellate hairs only, stellae 0.25–0.3 mm across, lateral rays c. 8, central ray 1.5–3 times as long  as laterals.

Fruiting calyx with lobes less than half length of mature fruit, prickles absent.  Mature fruits 1 per inflorescence, globular, 20–27 mm diameter, yellow or yellowish-green, 2-locular; placenta in cross-section stalked, anvil-shaped; mesocarp moist but not juicy; exocarp 4.5–6 mm thick; pedicels 19–23 mm long in fruit, 1.2–2.5 mm thick at mid-point; seeds pale yellow, 2.7–3.1 mm long.      

Description reproduced from Bean (2004) with permission.

A further detailed description of this species by Bean can be seen at http://delta-intkey.com/solanum/www/magnifol.htm

Distribution and ecology

Restricted to northern Qld. Occurs in disturbed rainforest and in openings and margins of wet scrub.

Relationships

Closest to S. macoorai (q.v.) but differing from it by

·         longer and denser prickles in juvenile foliage of S. macoorai in comparison to S. magnifolium 

·         adult leaves of S. macoorai usually with prickles and sparse to moderate indumentum on the lower surface of the leaf, prickles absent and indumentum moderate to very dense in S. magnifolium

·         fruits red or orange in S. macoorai , yellow in S. magnifolium

 

Considered by Bean (2004) to be a member of the S. macoorai group of subgen. Leptostemonum.

Notes

The identity of the earlier named S. magnifolium was unclear until Bean's (2004) investigations and accounts for its replacement of the later named S. dallachii.

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Derivation of epithet

From magnus, Latin for large and folius, leaf, a reference to the large leaves of this species.

Selected specimens

Qld:  near Yungaburra, 16 Oct. 1968, J.G. Tracey (AD, CANB); Macdowall Range, L. Webb & J.G. Tracey 10752  (AD, B, BRI, CANB, K, L, MO, NSW);  Mt Sampson, L. Webb & J.G. Tracey 10793 (AD, BRI, CANB).

Specimens cited in Flora of Australia 29: 158 (1982), as S. dallachii

 

QLD: COOK DISTRICT:  Endeavour River, Sep 1872, Hann (BRI); Upper Parrot  Creek, Annan River, Sep 1948, Brass 20283 (BRI); c. 6 miles  [10 km] SW of Yungaburra, Curtain Fig site, Dec 1968,  Tracey s.n. (BRI); between Macnamee Ck and Downey Ck,  W of Innisfail, May 1972, Webb & Tracey 10755 (BRI);  Macdowall Range between Daintree River and China Camp,  Aug 1972, Webb & Tracey 10752 (BRI); Mt Sampson W of  The Forks on Cooktown–Bloomfield road, Jun 1973, Webb  & Tracey 10793 (BRI, CANB); T.R.55, Jul 1974, Hyland  7342 (BRI); S.F.144, Fantail L.A., Mar 1981, Unwin 823  (QRS); S.F.756 Jordan, Lower Downey L.A., Nov 1991,  Hyland 14332 (BRI, QRS); Daintree N.P., Adeline Creek  headwaters, top of hill 929, May 1999, Forster PIF24543 &  Booth (BRI); T.R.176, Shipton L.A., Oct 1999, Forster  PIF25007 & Booth (BRI, QRS); Shipton’s Flat, S of  Cooktown, Apr 2002, Bean 18775 & McDonald (BRI).  NORTH KENNEDY DISTRICT: Herbert River, anno 1873, Stone  (BRI); Koombooloomba on road S towards Tully River  crossing, May 1972, Webb & Tracey 10907 (BRI); Echo  Creek walking track, off North Davidson road, west of Tully,  Aug 2002, Ford AF3564 & Holmes (BRI, NSW).    

Specimens cited by Bean, Austrobaileya 6: 758 (2004)

From the web

 Further information and links for this species can be found on the Solanaceae Source site.